Firearm.



R. E. JBPPERY.

FIREARM.

APYLIUATION FILED APB- 24, 1969. 962,223. Patented June 21, 1910. 2SHBB-BHEBT 1.

wm Il l l ya Jn? R. E. JBFFERY.

HRBARM.

APPLICATION FILED APRJA, 1909. 962,223 Patented June 21, 1910. u 2SHEETS-SHEET 2./

i en srafrss ra r nrc.,l

RICHARD E. JEFFERY, 0F PIEDMONT, CALIFORNIA.

'aanname Specicatiou of Letters Patent. i Patented June 21, 1910.

Application led April 24, 1909.` Serial No. 491,897.

- useful Improvements in Firearms, of which section on line X-X, Fig. 1.

-of Fig. 1.

the following is a specification.

' My invention relates to firearms.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combinationof parts' as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, havingreference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a sectionof the gun showing the action in closed position. Fig. 2 is a similarView, the action being in tiring position. Fig. 3 shows the action inloading position. Fig. 4 is avertical transverse Fig. 5 is a verticaltransverse section on the line Y-Y Fig. 6 is a horizontal section,showing the action in plan. Fig. 7 is a detail of the breech closingmechanism. Fig. S is a perspective of the elevator. Fig. 9 1s across-section of same. Fig. 10 is a perspec Y tive of the case andbreech-block.

A is the stock, and 2 is the receiver to which the stock is removablysecured by means oi a lengthwise extending mainspring tube 8 carried bythe stock and screwing into the receiver.

et is a shaft extending through the tube and actuated by the mainspring5 by which the hammer 6 is operated; the spring 5 being fixed at one endto the shaft, as shown at 7,

" and at the other end being lixed to a ratchet tion in one direction bythe spring pawls 11.

The spring 5 is coiled around the shaft, and as the latter `has a lengthsubstantially equal to the length of the stock, a considerable tensioncan be placed on the shaft, so as to cause it to act on the hammer totire a great number of shots, as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed. `Manifestly by employing two sets of springs 5, one insidethe othgr, still greater tension can be put on the sha t.

The forward end of the shaft extends into the breech and carries a bevelpinion 12 acting on two op osed bevel gears 13-14; the gear 13 being Xedto the hammer 6, and the gear 14 connectible and disconnectible with thegear 15 by which the breech-block 16 and breech locking brace 17 areoperated. The several gears 13-1415 are mounted on the pin-bolt 18; andthe pinions 13-14 being always in mesh on opposite sides of pin'on 12,consequently rotate in opposite directions.

The hammer 6 has a radial hammer projection to provide a striking face 6which is normally engaged by a Sear lug 19 on the trigger Q0, thetrigger 20 being held up so that the sear lug 19 is normally in the pathof the hammer by suitable means, as the spring 21. The trigger ispivoted at 22, and ordinarily the trigger cannot be pulled when thesafety catch .23 is in position be# hind the trigger, as shown inFig. 1. In order to pull the trigger, the second finger' vis pressed upagainst lthe exposed end of the safety catch 23 to release the trigger,as shown in Fig. 2. Releasing the trigger from the sear lug, and pullingit, causes the sear lug 19 to release the hammer, and the latter, actingthrough the gears 13 -12 and under the impulse of the ma-inspring 5,causes the hammer to swing around, and if the breech-blockis inoperative position the hammer will strike the firing-pin 24 anddischarge the piece, provided the latter is loaded. A certain safetyprovision is made by which, in case for any reason the sear lug 19should break on', or the hammer should fly around accidentally, thepiece cannot be discharged, and this safety provision is accomplishedthrough the means for vsupporting the breech-block and `connecting itwith the trigger; alll as will be shortly described. i l n Thebreech-block 16 slides back and forth in suitable guides 25 .in t-hebreech 2, and has'a rack tooth edgeQG always in engage ment with thegear 15 which is loose on the pivot-pin 18 and is free to turn, and doesturn, alternately in opposite directions on the reciprocation of thebreech-block. The breech locking brace 17 is pivoted in the front end ofthe breech block 16, as shown at 27, and the breech block is made hollowon its under side so that the breech locking brace may be moved up intothe breech block endof the firing-pin is exposed in a slot 29 in oneside of the breech-block and nearl the rear end thereof; and thering-pin passes lengthwise through the breech locking members and pivotand projects out through a slot 32 at the frontend of the breech-blockin position so as to engage the primer of a cartridge, represented at33,when the trigger is pulled. With the breech-block thrown forward, ifthetrigger is pulled the trigger performs the tri le function; lirst, ofpulling the rear end o the breech locking brace down by means of the arm28 soas to position the ring-pinin the path of the hammer; second, oflocking the breechblock against recoil, by the solid block 2 ofthereceiver; and third, ulling the trigger releases the hammer om the searand the hammer flies around and strikes the firingpin, as shown in Fig.2, and discharges the piece, if the latter is loaded; it beingunderstood that all the time the shaft 4 is under end' fixe tension ofthe mainspring or springs 5. Releasing the trigger allows the latter,acting under its spring 21, to resume its normal position; and in sodoing, the arm 28 raises gear 14, and when disconnected therefrom",

a coiled spring 35 having one end `fixed to a stationary part of thepiece, and the other to thegear 15,- wll operate to throw thebreech-block and its case forward into closed, ready-to-re position,represented in Figs. 1 and 2. It 1s only When the gears 15 and 14 arelocked together, and during a portion of the period of time between therelease of the hammer from the rear end of the-breech-block and itsreturn against the sear lug, as shown 1n Fig. 3, that these gears 14-15turn in unison, and in so doinglretract the breech-block. In

int-c the chamber in the barrel.

order to lock the gears together, the gear 15 6'5 has a spring-pressedpawl 36 which is engag able once each revolution of the pinion 14 with alug or notch 37 on the 'pinion 14. The pawl 36 is released 'from thenotch 37 by havihg its outer end engage a pin 38 projecting from thetrigger. The moment the pawl is tripped by the projection 38 the twogears 14-15 are uncoupled, Fig, 7, and a spring 35 acts on the gear 15and through the medium of the rack teethi26 to throw the breech-blockand breech locking brace` forward again in closed or ready-to-fireposition. The empty shells are ejected on the retraction of thebreech-block by any suitable form of ejecting mechanism 39, and duringthe time that the breech-block is re# tracted a fresh shell from themagazine 40 is thrown up into the breech in line with the bore by asuitable elevator, represented at 41.' This elevator is pivoted to thepivotpin 18 and extends forward in the breech and is normally depressedagainst the action of its sprin 42 by he action of the front end of thereech-bock carrier sliding up over the cam edges 43 of the elevator; Ashere shown, this elevator is of simple construction, and comprises acurved metal carrier bent to form a cradle to receive a cartridge 33when the elevator is depressed into line with the magazine 40. When acartridge is in the elevator the primer end of 4the cartridge restsagainst the rear Wall 44, and is gripped on top by the curved edges 44.As the breech-block is retracted thel spring 42 pushes up the front endof the elevator, so that the bullet end of the cartridge is in line withthe bore of the barrel. The rear portion of the cam edges 43 are ciuaway so that the rim of the cartridge projects slightly above theelevator, as sligiivn in Fig. 3, so ,that when the breechbloei; casemoves forward, it-will, in riding over-the carrier and sliding along thecam edges 43 thereof, catch in behind the rim of the' cartridge and pushthe latter forward Provision is made so that before the elevator startsto descend, enough of the cartridge will be .-shwed into the chamber soas to aline it and support it, so that in the further continued forwardmovement of the breech-block the latter will push the cartridgev clearinto the y chamber, and at the same time will, in riding up over theelevations 43 of the elevator, depre'ss the latter into line with themagazine, readyto receive a fresh cartridge or the next shot. h

Tn practice, the parts being assembled and the mainspring or springs 5wound up and laced on suitable tension, and the `magazine 40 filled, thedevice is ready for use. Assuming that a cartridge is in the firingchamber, in order to discharge the piece the safety l eeaaza catch 23 ispressed upward ingripping'the stock, and tie trigger pulled. In sodoing, therear end of the breech locking brace 17 is pulled down by thearm 28 with the trigger to bring the tiring-pin into line with thehammer 6. At the same time, the hammer,

being released from the sear lug 19, flies around and strikes thefiring-pin 24 and discharges the piece. In this first movement of thetrigger and hammer to discharge the piece, the rack wheel l5 remainsidle, but at the moment that the hammer strikes ithe tiring-pin, thepinion 14 which moves opposite the pinion 13 hasA its notch 37 broughtopposite to the spring-pressed pawl 36 on the rack pinion l5, so as tolock the two pinions lll- 15 together. Releasing the trigger allows thespring 21 to act to push the breech locking brace back into 'thebreechblock `16 and thereby release the hammer which fiies on around forhalf a revolution until it is interrupted again by thesear lug- 19. Fora part of the period of this second movement of the hammer the gearslet-15 connects the pawl 36 from the gear 1e and i could fly around andaround without danger allows the spring 35 to act by recoil to throw thebreech-block and breech locking brace forward and load the piece. Eachtime the trigger is pulled and then released this operation of firingand reloading is repeated, so long as the mainspring 5 is under suitabletension.

A gun of this Sort is very light, and the stock is strong since the tube3 and its spring contained mechanism occupy but very little room, whileat the same time this tube forms a metal reinforce for the stock.

By using a long coiled spring, like a curtain-rod spring, 1t is possibleto get sutlicient tension by which from forty to fifty shots or more maybe fired, without rewinding the spring.

Another important feature is in the safety arrangement by which thetiring-pin is normally out of the path of the hammer, so

that iffor any reason the hammer should break off or slip by the searlug 19, the piece could not be discharged, and the hammer of explodingthe piece. Also, the breech locking brace can not be pulled down by thetrigger and arm 28 to place the tiring-pin in firing position, exceptwhen the breechblock and breech locking brace are clear forward, becauseotherwise the breech lockingv brace would strike on the top of the rearabutment 2. When the breech locking brace is down and in line `with therear abutment 2, as shown in Fig. 2, the breech locking brace issecurely braced against the recoil of the gun. This is also an lmportantfeature.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is- 1. In a gun having a stock, the combination of arotary hammer, spring mechanism for operating the hammer including ashaft extending lengthwise of the stock, a spiral spring around theshaft and having suitable connections with the hammer to impel thehammer, and means for lcontrolling the movements of the hammer.

2. In a gun, the combination of a springactuated rotary hammer, atrigger, means on the trigger formmg a sear dlsposed in the path of thehammer to limit the move-` brace and the trigger to place the ring-pinin the path of the hammer.

3. ln a gu-n, the combination of a springactuated rotary hammer, atrigger, means on the trigger forming a sear disposed in the path lofthe hammer to limit the movement of the latter, a tiring-pin, andmcansoperated. by the trigger for moving the firingpin into and outI ofthe path of the hammer.

4. In a. gun, the combination of a springactuated rotary hammer, atrigger, means on the trigger forming a sear disposed in the' path ofthe hammer to limit the movement of lthe latter, a sliding breechlocking brace thel breech locking brace, and connections between thefree end of the breech locking brace and trigger to position thefiring-pin to be struck by the hammer when the latter is released by thetrigger.

5. ln a gun, the combination of a hammer, a scar and a trigger, andsprin mechanism for operating the hammer, sai springmechanism'-including a shaft having gear connections with the hammer,and a coiled spring around the shaft operative to rotate the 'latten 6.ln a gun, the combination ofa hammer, a sear and a trigger, and spring4mechanism for operating the hammer, said spring mechanism including ashaft having gear conneet-ions withl the hammer, a coiled spring aroundthe shaft operative to rotate the latter, and key-winding mechanism toplace 4pivoted at one end, a firing-pin carried by nections with thehammer, a coiled spring around the shaft operative to rotate thelatjournale nected with the shaft and wound 'ground the shaft, theopposite end of the spring hav- 'breech of a gun, of a tube extendinglengthwlse through the stock, a hammer in the breech, a spiral springrmechanism in the tube and connected with lthe hammer for actuating thelatter, and means including a trigger for controlling the movements ofthe hammer.

9. rIhe combination with the stock and breech of a gun, of a tubeextending lengthwise through the stock, a hammer in the breech, a spiralsprin mechanism in the tube and connected with the hammer for lactuatingthe latter, means including a trigger for controlling the movements ofthe hammer, and breech-block mechanism operative by said springmechanism.

10. I-n a gun, t-he combination of a tube extendin lengthwise of thestock, a shaft in` the tube, a mainspring coning eonnectlon with akey-windlng ratchet mechanism, a hammer, gear connections between thehammer and shaft, andxneans includin the trigger for controlling the ac-.tion o the hammer. p v

11. In a gun, the combination of a. tube extendin lengthwise of t-hestock, a shaft journale nected with the shaft and wound around theshaft, the opposite end of the spring having connection with akey-winding ratchet mechanism, a rotary hammer, g'ear connectionsbetween the hammer and shaft, and a trigger having means interposable inthe path of the hammer to limit the.

movement of the latter.

12. In a gun, the combination of a tube extending lengthwise of thestock, a shaft journaled in the tube, aI mainspring connected with theshaft and wound around the shaft, the opposite end of the spring havingconneetlon with a key-winding ratchet mechanism, a. rotary hammer, gearconnections between the hammer and shaft, a trigger having meansinterposable in the path of the hammer to limit the movement ot' thelatter, a pivoted .breech locking brace having a firing-pin, andconnections between the trigger and breech locking brace t'or placingthe firing-pin in and out of tiring position with respect to the hammer.

13. In a gun, the combination of a'tube extending lengthwise of thestock, a shaft `journale l in the tube, :rmainspring connected with theshattand wound around the shaft, the opposite end of the sprlng in thetube, a mainspring conhaving connection with a key-winding ratchetmechanism, a rotary hammer, gear connections between the hammer andshaft,

a trigger having means interposable in the path of the hammer to limitthe movement i of the latter, aV pivoted breech locking brace having afiring-pin, connections between the trigger and breech locking brace forplacing the firing-pin in and out of tiring position with respect to thehammer, said..- breech locking brace mounted on a sliding. breech block,and connections between the,

shaft and said breech block for reciprocab,

ing the latter.

14. In a gun, the combination of a tube. extendin lengthwise' of thestock, vaV shaft journale in the tube, a mainspring conneeted with theshaft and wound around, I

the shaft, lthe opposite end of the spring having connection with akey-winding i ratchet mechanlsm, a rotary hammer, gear,

connections between the hammer and shaft,

a trigger 'having means -interposable in theA 'path of the hammer tolimit the movement` of the latter, a `pivoted breech locking bracehaving a firing-pin connections between the trigger and breech lockingbraeebfor ,placing the firing-pin in and out qif ring position withrespect to. the hammer, said breechI locking brace mounted on a slidingbreech.

block, connections between the' 'haft land said breech block forretractingl he latter, and independent sprin mec anism throwing thebreech loc ing brace in the opposite direction.

15.- In a gun, the combination of 'a springactuatedzhammer, a Sear, atriggerfor operating the same, a pivoted breech locking brace having aring-pin, andA a 4connecfor.4 l

tion between the free end yof the breech locking brace and trigger toplace the firing-pinyin and out of ring position. A

16. In a gun, the combination, of a rotary hammer, a pring-actuatedtrigger, a Sear member ri i an integral with? the trigger interposab ein the path of the hammer,

Los

spring mechanism for operating the ham' mer, a pivoted breech lockingbrace having a tiring-pin, vand link connections between the breechlocking brace and trigger :for placing the tiring-pin in tiring positionwhen the hammer is released fromv the trigger.

17. In a gun, the combination o a rotary hammer, a sprin -actuatedtrigger, a sear member rigid an integral with the trigger interposablein `the path of the hammer* spring mechanism for olprating the hainmei,a pivoted breech loc ing brace having a firing-pin, link connectionsbetween the breech locking brace and trigger for placing the-ring-pininfring position when the hammer is released from the tri gera slidingbreech block carrying the reech locking brace, rack and pinionmechanism, connected with the spring mechanism for operating the hammer,for actuating the breech locking brace carrier in one direction, andindependent spring mechanism for op erating the breech block in theopposite direction.

18. In a gun, the combination of a rotary hammer and a sliding breechlocking brace, a spring-actuated shaft having gear connections with thehammer, severablc connections between the shaft and breech locking bracefor operating the latter in one direction, and a trigger, with means tocontrol the movements of the hammer and breech locking brace.

19. In a gun, the combination of a breechblock having a rack member, agear for operating the rack member, means for throwing the breech blocknormally in one direction, and mechanism connectible with the gear tooperate the breech block in the opposite direction.

20. In a gun, the combination of a breechblock having a rack member, agear engaged with the rack, a pinion connectible and discoiinectiblewith said gear, and spring-actuated means for operating said pinion.

:21. In a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block having a rackportion, a gear engageable with said rack, a rotary hammer, aspring-actuated shaft, and gear connections between the shaft and thehammer and said gear to operate the hammer and said breech block.

22. In a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block haring a rackportion, a gear engaging with the rack, a loose pinion mounted on theshaft with the gear, a rotary hams incr, a pinion carried by the hammer,a mainspring shaft having a gear engaging said pinions, and triggermechanism.

23. In a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block haring a rackportion, a gear engaging with the rack, a loose pinion mounted on theshaft with the gear, a rotary hammer, al pinion carried by the haininer,a mainspring shaft having a gear engaging said pinious, means forconnecting and disconnecting said rack gear and its pinion, and triggermechanism.

24. ln a gun, the combination of a sliding breech-block having a rackportion, a gear engaging with the rack, a loose pinion mounted on theshaft with the gear, a rotary hammer, a pinion carried by the hammer, ainainspring shaft having a gear engaging said pinions, means forconnecting and disconnecting said rack gear and its pinion, triggermechanism, said rack gear operable in one direction when connected withits pinion, and means for operating it in the opposite direction whendisconnected therefrom.

25. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passingthrough the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft in the tubeextending therethrough, a mainspring secured to the shaft, key-windingmechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, ahammer operated by the shaft, and a trigger.

26. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passingthrough the stock and screwing into the receivei-a shaft inthe tubeextending therethrough, a mainspring secured to the shaft, key-windingmechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, ahammer operated by the shaft, a trigger, and a sliding breech lockingbrace opeable in one direction through suitable connections with saidshaft.

27. A, gun having a stock and a receiver, a niainspriiig tube passingthrough the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft inthe tubeextending therethrough, a iiiainspring secured to the shaft, key-windingmechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, ahammer operated by the shaft, a trigger. and a sliding breech blockoperable in one direction tlirou h suitable connections witli, saidshaft, said breeclrblock having a pivoted breech locking brace connectedwith the trigger. y

28. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a maiuspring tube passingthrough the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft iu the tubeextending therethrough, a mainspring secured to the shaft, key-windingmechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, ahammer o erg ated by the shaft, a trigger, and a sli ing breech lockingbrace carrier operable in one direction through suitable connectionswith said shaft, said carrier having a pivoted breech locking braceconnected with kthe trigger, said. last-named connections cornprising arigid arm on the trigger enga ing a. lengthwise slot in the breech locing brace.

2S. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passingthrough the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft in the tubeextending therethrough, a mainspriiig secured to the shaft, key-windingmechanism connected with the spring to place the shaft on tension, ahammer o er'- ated by the shaft, a trigger, and a sli ing breech blockoperable in one direction through suitable connections withl said shaft,said breech block having a pivot/ed breech locking brace connected withthe trigger, said receiver having an abutment for the rear end of thebreech locking brace when the latter is pulled down.v

30. A gun having a stock and a receiver, a mainspring tube passingthrough the stock and screwing into the receiver, a shaft ing thelatter, a trigger, a sear projection on` the trigger engaging the,hammer, and a liring-pin operable by the hammer, and a pivoted breechlocking brace mountetl` in a sliding breech block, said breech lockingbrace earryii'ig said tiring-pin and connections between the trigger andbreech locking brace for oscillating the latter upon the operation ofthe trigger.

In a gun, the combination of a rotary hammer, spring mechanism foroperating the latter, a` trigger, a scar projection on the triggerengaging the hammer, a firing-pin operable on by the hammer, and meansconnected with the trigger for placing the iiring-pin lin and out ofoperative \\'ithrespect to the hammer.

33. In a gu'n, the combination of a hammer capable ot revolving aplurality ot' times in the same direction, means for causing it torevolve, a, trigger, a` detent on the trigger interposable in the pathet the hammer, a tiring-pin, a rockable support for the position.'

firing-pin, and connections between said support and trigger for rockingit on the operation of the trigger.

34. In a gun, the combination of a hammercapable ot' revolving` apluralityT of times in the same direction, means for causing it torevolve, a trigger, a detent on the trigger interposable in the path ofthe hammer, a firing-pin, a pivoted breech locking brace carrying the`tiring-pin, and connections between the trigger and breech lockingbrace for positioning the Iiring-pin in the path of the hammer.

In a gun, the combination of a hammer capable ot' revolving a pluralityof times in the same direction, means for causing it to revolve. atrigger. a detent. on the trigger interpostable in the path of thehammer, a tiring-pin, a pivoted breech locking brace carrying thefiring-pin, connections between the trigger and breech locking brace forpositioning the tiring-pin in the path of the hammer, a sliding breechblock, rack and pinion mechanism for voperating the.'

breech block, and means tor operating said rack and pinion cordinatelywith the action of the hammer.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

RICHARD E. JEFFERY. lVitnesses CHARLES A. PENFncLD, CHARLES EnnmmN,

